Four Components of small pond ecosystem :
abiotic components - air, water, soil, light, temperature, other climatic conditions.
Biotic components - producers-phytoplanktons, some algae, floating and submerged plants.
Consumers of various order - Zooplanktons
Decomposers - fungi, bacteria and other flagellates.
Components work as a unit for the following functions :
Productivity : conversion of inorganic into organic material through photosynthesis with the help of solar energy and consumption of autotrophs by heterotrophs i.e. secondary productivity.
Decomposition : decomposition and mineralisation of the **** matter and Nutrient Cycling-to release the nutrients/elements back for use by autotrophs.
Energy Flow : Unidirectional flow of energy and its subsequent dissipation as one moves towards higher trophic levels.
