The two main land reforms undertaken in India are as follows :
(a) Abolition of Intermediaries: The idea behind this move was that ownership would give incentives to the tillers to make improvements in agricultural output. Almost 200 lakh tenants came into direct contact with the government and were freed from exploitation.
(b) Consolidation of Land Holdings: As scattered and fragmented agricultural land is unproductive, the farmer is given one big piece of land in lieu of small and fragmented fields.
(c) Tenancy Reforms: The land was mostly cultivated by the tenants and the land revenues were paid by them to their landlords. So the land reforms such as exemption and fixation from rent, no eviction from land, compensation to the tenants were introduced.
(d) Re-organisation of agriculture: The Govt. provided loans at low rate of interest to the small/poor farmers to gain from the new technology (Green Revolution). The fertilizers and high yielding varieties of seeds were subsidized.
