A. Controlling.
B. The steps of controlling discussed above are:
a. Analysing deviations: Some deviation in performance is expected in all activities. It is therefore, important to determine the acceptable range of deviations. Also, deviations in key areas of business need to be attended more urgently as compared to deviations in certain insignificant areas. Critical point control and management by exception should be used by the manager in this regard. After identifying the deviations that demand managerial attention these deviations need to be analyzed for their causes.
b. Taking Corrective Action: The final step in the controlling process is taking corrective action. No corrective action is required when the deviations are within acceptable limits. However, when the deviations go beyond the acceptable range, especially in the important areas, it demands immediate managerial attention so that deviations do not occur again and standards are accomplished.
