(i) W3C: The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) is an international community that develops open standards to ensure the long-term growth of the Web.
(ii) GSM: Global System for Mobiles, it is the international standard for wireless technology. GSM allows users to utilize one phone and one number in many countries throughout the world.
(iii) Protocol: a communications protocol is a system of digital rules for message exchange within or between computers.
