Question

Highlight the state and non-state initiatives addressing caste and tribe discrimination.

Answer 1

State initiatives-

• Reservation of seats in state and central legislatures
• Reservation of jobs in government services
• Reservation of seats in educational institutions
• Abolition of Untouchability – Article 17
• Caste Disabilities Removal Act 1850
• Scheduled Castes and Scheduled tribes (Prevention of Atrocities Act) 1989

Non-state initiatives – (movements and struggles)

• In pre-independence time efforts made by Jyotibha Phule, Periyar, Ambedkar and others
• In contemporary times efforts made by political organisations like Bahujan Samaj Party in UP, Dalit Sangharsh Samiti of Karnataka
• Literary contributions creating Dalit awareness specially in Marathi, Tamil Kannada Telugu and Hindi