They are as follows
a. Integrated Watershed Management – The objective of this scheme is to divert large quantities of rain water into artificial reservoirs, which will in turn reduce the silt load in the rivers, help control floods and prevent soil erosion.
b. Reclamation and development of Ravine areas – This is ***** initiative undertaken by the governments of M.P., Rajasthan and Gujarat which aims at reducing soil erosion in the Chambal Valley through
i. Afforestation in ravine areas
ii. Reclamation of shallow ravines by filling mud and rocks
iii. Building bunds across hill slopes to prevent further development of ravines.
c. Control of Shifting Agriculture – Jointly undertaken by the governments of the seven northeastern states, this programme aims at reducing shifting agriculture and subsequent waste of agricultural land by afforestation and helping tribal people
i. To practice terraced farming
ii. To raise horticultural plantations
