Art of painting: ** had developed wonderful painting. They painted on silk cloth, tomb walls, pots and papers. They believed that tomb painting were means to protect the *** and help their souls to go to heaven.
Sculpture: ** developed the art of casting bronze statues of animals and monsters. This art developed during Shangs and Chous. Buddhism influenced their sculpture and the statues of Bodhisatwa carved in stone are found in large numbers. The Terracotta army assembled in the tomb of the first Kin Emperor consists of life size images of more than 8000 – warriors and horses. ** were massive builders.
The Great Wall of China is one of their most impressive and everlasting architectural accomplishment. It was purely built for the utilitarian purpose of protecting the country from Mongolian invasions. They also built Buddhist temples called Pagodas, important among them are the ‘Giant Wild Goose Pagoda’, ‘**** Pagoda’, ‘Flask Pagoda’ and the ‘Temple of Sleeping Buddha’ outside Peking, the present Beijing.
Writing and Literature: ** had developed the art of writing during Shang . ** script was standardized during Rulers. They have no alphabets and parts of speech. It consists of only characters which are more than 40,000. It started as pictograph and later they developed Characters or Logograms. ** characters constitute the oldest continuously used systems of writing in the world. Their writing played an important role in cultural unification. ** script also influenced ****, Korean and Vietnamese scripts. It is written from top to bottom.
The invention of paper, silk and ink for writing helped the growth of writing and literature. The practice of writing history was also popular in China. The ** literature comprised of prose, poetry, philosophy and history. During Han and Tong dynasties, ** poetry reached great heights. *** had developed Geography, Geometry, Arithmetic, Calendars, Astronomy and they could predict eclipses accurately.
The important inventions of the ** are the following. Silk, Tea, Ink, Brushes for painting and writing, Abacus, Acupuncture, Rudder, ** powder, Glass, Pottery, Porcelain, Rockets, Umbrella, Seismograph and Mariner Compass.
Philosophy and Religion: Lao tse, Confucius and Mencius were three great Philosophers who influenced the religious ideas of ** to a great extent. Lao tse’ philosophy is known as Taoism. He preached non ****, not to be ****, to respect the wise, do one’ duty with sincerity and honesty etc., The philosophy of Confucius is known as ‘Confucianism’. The principles of Confucius had basis in common ** traditions and beliefs. He taught loyalty towards family, worship of ancestors, respect to elders and unity among the people of China.
