Characteristics of institution
(a) Universal : Social institution are universal in nature, they are found everywhere and at all stages of social development. There can be no society in the absence of institutions. The basic institutions such as marriage, family, property.religioin are observed even in the tribal or primitive societies.
(b) Institutions are Standardized Norms : Social institution must be understood as well recognized or standardized procedures and norms, they prescribe the way of doing thing. They also prescribe rules and regulations that are to be followed. For example – marriage, as an institution that governs the relation between the husband and wife. Similarly the school or college has its own established or standardized rules and procedures.
(c) Institutions are Controlling Mechanism: Institutions like religion, education, morality, state, government, legislation etc Control the behavior of man. These mechanisms preserve the social order and give stability to it. Institutions is the machinery through human society carries on its activities. They are like wheels on which human society marches on towards the desirable goals.
(d) Institutions are Relatively Permanent: Institutions normally do not undergo sudden or rapid changes. Changes take place gradually. Many institutions are rigid and enduring. They in course of time became the **** element in society. Examplescaste, religion etc. But under the pressure of circumstances they also undergo changes.
(e) Abstract in Nature: Institutions are not external visible or tangible things. They are abstract. Thus marriage Cannot be kept in a museum. Religion cannot be brought to the laboratory experiments and so on. However They can be compared and evaluated on the basis of values and ideologies.
