Federal form of Government:
(i) Nature: Under the federal system there are two levels of government, one at the central level and other at the state level. Both levels have their areas of jurisdiction.
(ii) In a federal form of government, the central government shares its powers with the various constituent units of the country. For example, in India, power is divided between the government at the Centre and the various State governments.
(iii) Scope and Significance: In most federations, there is dual citizenship one of the country and one of state.
For example, U.*.A, but this does not exist in India.
Unitary form of Government:
(i) Nature: But in Unitary form of government either there is only one level of government or the sub-units are subordinate to the central government.
(ii) In a unitary form of government, all the power is exercised by only one government.
For example, in Sri Lanka, the national government has all the powers.
(iii) Scope and significance: Unlike a federal Unitary system has a single citizenship.
