The power supply to computer can be categorised into two types. Namely, Switch Mode Power Supply ( SMPS) and Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS).
SMPS:
The switched-mode power supply acting as a DC to DC converter first rectifies an AC input voltage (240Volts), converts it to DC and, chops this DC in a “chopper” and converts it to a higher or lower level of DC (5 to 12 V DC Volts )or perhaps both a higher AND lower level of DC. Typical modern applications include computer power supply and the power supplies in TV and Video sets. The wattage of SMPS is around 150 to 500 watts.
SMPSs are three types.
- AT SMPS
- ATX SMPS
- BTXSMPS
1. AT SMPS:
AT stands for Advanced Technology. These are all. old SMPSs. They had 12pin power connector, this is called an AT power connector. They were used in Pentium-1, Pentium- MMX, Pentium-ll and Pentium-Ill CPUs.
2. ATX SMPS:
ATX stands for Advanced Technology extended. They had a 20pin Power connector, this is called an ATX power connector. They were used in Pentium-Ill, Pentium-IV and AMD CPUs.
3. BTXSMPS:
BTX stands for Balanced Technology extended. They have a 24pin Power connector, this is also called an ATX power connector. It has 15pin SATA power connectors. They are used in Dual-core, core2duo, Quad-core, i3, i5, i7 and latest AMD CPUs.
4. Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS):
- UPS unit give continuous power supply in the event of the main source power break.
- It also regulates the high and IQW voltage in power supply.
- On-line and ***-line UPS are the two kinds of UPS.
- They give different backup power ranging from 15 minutes to several hours.
UPS is Uninterruptible Power Supply, this is also known as power backup with battery.
With UPS even the main power source down, this unit will always give power to computer. UPS have a limit time to give backup power, this depends on how big the UPS capacity.
5. Working of UPS:
With simple explanation inside UPS have battery with recharge module, it also have module to determine whether the main power source on or , so when the main power source on, the recharge module will charge the battery till full. When the main power source suddenly , then the module will switch on the battery changed into a backup power source.
Two types of UPS are Offline and Online UPS.
1. Offline UPS (standby UPS):
This UPS type have a module to switch between using battery or using bypass main power source. When the main power source is ***, then the module will switch from the main power source to the battery source in less than 4ms delay time and supply power to the computer.
2. Online UPS
This UPS type is better than Offline because no matter the main power source is on or , this Online UPS output always come from battery source. That’ why this type of UPS does not have delay time when the main power source is * or on. The price for Online UPS is more expensive than Offline UPS.
