(i) The material for soil formation is mainly derived of rocks and is termed as the parental material by the soil scientists.
(ii) Various forces of nature such as change in temperature, actions of running water, wind and glaciers, activities of the decomposers etc. contribute to the formation of soil chemical and organic.
(iii) Relief influences the process of soil formation in most ways, the most important being the slope of land.
(iv) Soil also consists of organic matter (humus) and inorganic materials.
